![]() The GAG content was used as a quantitative measure of the degree of chondrogenesis. 1 The goal was to reach about 90% of the GAG density found in normal articular cartilage, resulting in a construct of some maturity, before implantation in a caprine model for evaluation after 8 weeks. In this study, autologous chondrocyte-seeded type II collagen scaffolds were produced in vitro to form a known amount of glycosaminoglycan (GAG). T issue engineering and regenerative medicine provide new approaches for treating articular cartilage defects by utilizing a combination of scaffolds and cells, along with regulators, to engineer and regenerate new tissue. Future work is needed to elucidate the role of basement membrane molecules during cartilage repair and regeneration. A novel finding of this study was the observation of laminin and type IV collagen in in vitro engineered cartilaginous constructs and in vivo cartilage repair samples from defects into which the constructs were implanted, as well as in normal caprine articular cartilage. At sacrifice, 70% of the defect site was filled with reparative tissue, which consisted largely of fibrous tissue and some fibrocartilage, with over 70% of the reparative tissue bonded to the adjacent host tissue. Widespread staining for the two basement membrane molecules was observed throughout the extracellular matrix of in vitro and in vivo samples in a distribution unlike that previously reported for cartilage. Constructs underwent immunohistochemical and histomorphometric evaluation. ![]() Eight weeks after implantation, the animals were sacrificed. Autologous constructs were implanted into 4-mm-diameter defects created to the tidemark in the trochlear groove in the knee joints of skeletally mature goats. Cartilaginous constructs were engineered in vitro using caprine chondrocyte-seeded type II collagen scaffolds. Basement membrane molecules are localized to the pericellular matrix in normal adult articular cartilage, but have not been examined in tissue-engineered constructs cultured in vitro or in tissue filling cartilage defects into which the constructs were implanted. The purpose of this study was the immunohistochemical evaluation of (1) cartilage tissue-engineered constructs and (2) the tissue filling cartilage defects in a goat model into which the constructs were implanted, particularly for the presence of the basement membrane molecules, laminin and type IV collagen.
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